Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis. Case Report and Review of Literature.

William Cobb; Lauren Dobrie; Edward Jones; Armando Rosales

doi:10.5455/CRSM.20240927072727

Abstract
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare but benign form of chronic cholecystitis representing a small proportion of gallbladder disorders and may mimic carcinoma. The present case is of a 59-year-old male that endorsed a six-month history of vague complaints of diarrhea, anorexia, dark urine, yellowing of his eyes, and recent weight loss without prior work up for his symptoms. Laboratory values showed elevated alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), Cancer antigen 19-9, Chromogranin A, and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). Computer tomography (CT) scan revealed annular-like wall thickening in the body of the gallbladder, wall calcifications in the region of the fundus, and cholelithiasis. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) showed focal narrowing at the mid-gallbladder with restricted diffusion and ill-defined enhancement in this region and a few prominent right upper quadrant lymph nodes. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed a liver lesion that was resected, and frozen analysis was negative for malignancy. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy was converted to an open procedure due to significant scar tissue in the cystic triangle. The final pathology report revealed xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) with no evidence of malignancy identified in the gallbladder or liver parenchyma.

Key words: Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.