Synthesis, Characterization, and antibacterial activity of Combine Mentha piperita - Silver nanoparticle on Multi-drug Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical sources

Nazeef Idris Usman; Ahmed Faruk Umar; Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu; Aminu  Abdulwahab

doi:10.5455/JBRR.20240823083438

Abstract
Background and Aim
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are recognized for their strong theragnostic properties and diverse applications in biomedical fields, including their effective use as antimicrobial agents. The study aimed to synthesize AgNPs using aqueous M. piperita extract and test its antibacterial activity against MDR-HvKp isolated from clinical sources.
Methods
The AgNPs were synthesized using M. piperita, physicochemical characterize EC, TDS, TDO, Ph, FTIR, and SEM. The antibacterial activity of M. piperita extract, AgNO3, and synthesized AgNPs was measured using the agar diffusion method, MIC, and MBC. Electrical conductivity of AgNPs (2130 µS/cm, normal range: 0-2500 µS/cm).
Results
Total dissolved solids (AgNPs: 768 ppm, normal range: 50-300 ppm), dissolved oxygen AgNPs: (3.20 mg/L, normal range: 6.5-8.0 mg/L), and pH, AgNPs: (7.0, normal range: 6.5-7.6). The AgNPs with size 400 nm (2.08 absorbance), after a 7days incubation period. The FTIR indicates AgNPs are capped with organic molecules, with peaks related to various organic functional groups such as C-H, C=O, and C-O are present. The SEM findings validated the production of spherical AgNPs with a crystalline structure and an average diameter of 20.42 nm. The M. piperita-AgNp conjugate record high MIC of 16mm(30 µg/ml) 14mm(25 µg/ml), 10mm(20 µg/ml) and 8mm(15 µg/ml). Followed by AgNPs with 6mm (30 µg/ml) and 4mm(15 µg/ml), whereas Mentha piperita records 10mm(30 µg/ml) and 4mm(15 µg/ml), with an MIC of 20µg/ml and MBC of 25µg/ml.
Conclusion
M. piperita's bioactive components enhance AgNP synthesis and antimicrobial activity against MDR-HvKp. Future research is needed to optimize component concentrations, synthesis parameters, and extraction methods for broader pathogen efficacy.

Key words: AgNPs, Antibacterial, Mentha piperita, MDR-HvKp