Comparison of PMN cell numbers of second-degree burn wounds on Wistar rats using human amniotic membrane and propolis extract treatment

Muhammad Thareq Ibrahim; Hardany Primarizky; Maslichah Mafruchati; Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti; Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah; Hani Plumeriastuti

doi:10.5455/JELM.20250206121111

Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of human amniotic membrane and propolis extract on the total number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) cells in second-degree burn wounds of male rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) underwent second-degree burn wounds by pressing the stainless steel to the skin for approximately 10 seconds that was previously heated in boiled water for 15 minutes. All those rats were randomly divided into four groups, i.e., SSD (treated with silver sulphadiazine), VSF (treated with vaseline flavum), HAM (treated with human amniotic membrane), and PEC (treated with propolis cream). All treatments were done for three days (72 hours). A histopathological examination was done, and the PMN leucocytes were counted.
Results: The data analysis revealed the mean and standard deviation for all treatment groups are SSD 40 ± 36,57, VSF 58,63 ± 39,27, HAM 35,87 ± 27,01, and PEC 12,87 ± 9,43. The results showed a significant difference between the two treatment groups (p< 0,05) but an insignificant difference between SSD with HAM. The decrease of total PMN cell numbers can improve the wound healing process to the next phase, i.e., proliferative phase and maturation phase.
Conclusion: This study concluded that a 30% concentration of propolis extract cream and human amniotic membrane can reduce the number of PMN cells in second-degree burn wounds of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), and the best result in this study to reduce the number of PMN cells was propolis extract cream.

Key words: Keywords: Wistar rats, human amniotic membrane, propolis extract, second-degree burns