Exploring the Status of Anemia and Haemoglobinopathies in Garhwal Region, Uttarakhand, India

Deepak Chandra Melkani; Netra Pal Sharma; Seeta Dewali; Satpal Singh Bisht

doi:10.5455/JMRR.20250529104113

Abstract
Aim: Anaemia and hemoglobinopathies represent significant global public health challenges, particularly in regions with limited healthcare resources and proper diagnostic facilities. This study evaluated the prevalence and distribution of anaemia and hemoglobinopathies in the Garhwal Region of India.
Method: An extensive survey collected data from various sources, including government hospitals, Primary Health Centers, certified pathology labs, and medical registries maintained by relevant government departments.
Result: The data shows that anaemia is a widespread health issue across all districts of Uttarakhand, with the highest cases reported in Haridwar (1763) and Dehradun (1483). Pauri Garhwal and Tehri Garhwal also have significant numbers, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address the root causes, such as nutritional deficiencies and chronic diseases. Similarly, the thalassemia trait is prevalent, with Dehradun and Haridwar leading in reported cases (1178 and 1503, respectively).
Conclusion: Significant cases in Chamoli, Pauri Garhwal, and Tehri Garhwal suggest widespread genetic carrier status, emphasizing the need for awareness and genetic screening programs. this study offers a novel contribution by providing a detailed, data-driven understanding of anaemia and hemoglobinopathies in a specific, yet underrepresented, geographic region, with implications for both local public health strategies and broader epidemiological research.

Key words: Hemoglobinopathies, Sickle cell, Haemoglobinopathies, Uttarakhand, Garhwal Region