An Analysis of Anxiety and Depression Prevalence among Diverse Demographics in Karachi in Outpatient Medicine Department

Muhammad Ishaq; syeda Urooj  Riaz; hussain Haroon; abdul   Mueed; muhammad Inam Khan; muhammad Asim Hussain; khizra  Ishaq; shifa Ishaq

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20241126025745

Abstract
This study investigates the risk factors for anxiety and depression among different populations receiving healthcare services in Karachi outpatient services, using a sample size of 152 participants Through the use of a survey methodology so the survey effectively collects data using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). They gain a holistic view of mental health conditions. Chi-Square and ANOVA are used for data analysis. Finding showed that sex has positive and significant effect on depression, whereas its effect on anxiety is positive but insignificant. Age emerges as a positive and insignificant effect on depression and anxiety. Also, marital status, occupational status, number of kids, family status, and language exhibit positive but insignificant effects on depression and anxiety. Additionally, the study highlights the high prevalence of mental health challenges in this community and recommends tailored treatments that take into account different demographics. The findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive mental health interventions, increased accessibility, and community support. Ultimately, the findings of this study shed light on the high incidence of depression and anxiety in the outpatient department of Karachi.

Key words: Depression, Anxiety, Prevalence Rate, Outpatient Medicine Department, Karachi.