Ethnomedicinal Uses and Perceived Efficacy of Mucuna Pruriens In the Treatment of Common Ailments In Kano North, Nigeria

Isa Likita Mara; Abubakar Bala Madaki; Lawan Abdul Sani; Sayyida Muhammad Zakari; Salisu Abubakar; Halima Sadiya Ibrahim; Safiya Sani Osagede

doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250727055031

Abstract
Background: Mucuna pruriens (Velvet bean) is widely used in African Traditional medicine for treating diverse different ailments. Despite its recognized pharmacological properties, its ethnomedicinal uses remain under-documented in Kano North, Nigeria.
Objectives: This study aimed to document and analyze the traditional knowledge of Mucuna pruriens in selected communities of Kano North, with emphasis on plant-parts used, preparation methods, perceived efficacy, and cultural beliefs.
Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from October to December 2021 in five Local Government Areas of Kano North. Seventy traditional healers were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires and oral discussions. Data were analyzed descriptively and with chi-square tests to explore associations between plant parts, modes of preparation, and reported ailments.
Results: Respondents (97.2 % Male, aged 18-100 years) reported 23 distinct uses of Mucuna pruriens. The most common indications including stomach ache, piles, wound healing, diarrhea, dysentery, malaria, and aphrodisiac use. Roots and seeds were the most cited plant parts, prepared mainly as decoctions and powders. The Fidelity levels (FL) for most uses were below 50 %, including low consensus among healers. Beliefs related to spiritual protection and healing (e.g., witchcraft, evil spirits) were also recorded.
Conclusion: Mucuna pruriens is an important ethnomedicinal resources in Kano North, and it is used for both physical and spiritual ailments. The findings highlights the urgency of documenting disappearing traditional knowledge and provides a basis for future pharmacological validation. Caution is required when extrapolating traditional claims to therapeutical recommendations.

Key words: Mucuna pruriens, ethnomedicine, Efficacy, fidelity level, common ailments